Imbali yeetoti ze-aluminium
Ibhiya yesinyithi kunye neetoti zokupakisha zesiselo zinembali engaphezu kweminyaka engama-70. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1930, iUnited States yaqalisa ukuvelisa iinkonkxa zentsimbi zebhiya. Esi siqwenga sithathu senziwe nge-tinplate. Inxalenye engasentla yomzimba wetanki imile okwekhowuni, kwaye indawo ephezulu inesivalo setoti emile okwesithsaba. Ukubonakala kwayo ngokubanzi akufani kakhulu kwiibhotile zeglasi, ngoko ke umgca wokuzalisa ibhotile yeglasi wawusetyenziselwa ukuzalisa ekuqaleni. Kwakungekho kude kube ngowe-1950 apho umgca wokuzalisa ozinikeleyo wawufumaneka. Isiciko setoti siye saguquka saba sisimo esicaba phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1950s saze saphuculwa saba sisiciko se-aluminiyam kwi-1960s.
Iitoti zesiselo ze-aluminiyam zavela ngaphambili ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1950, kwaye iitoti ze-DWI ezinamaqhekeza amabini zaphuma ngokusemthethweni ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1960. Ukuphuhliswa kweetoti ze-aluminium ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ngasekupheleni kwale nkulungwane, ukusetyenziswa konyaka kuye kwafikelela ngaphezu kwe-180 yezigidigidi, eyona nxalenye inkulu kwiitoti zetsimbi zehlabathi (malunga ne-400 yezigidigidi). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminiyam esetyenziselwa ukwenza iitoti ze-aluminiyam kukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-1963, yayisondele ku-zero. Kwi-1997, ifikelele kwi-3.6 yezigidi zeetoni, ezilingana ne-15% yokusetyenziswa okupheleleyo kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-aluminium emhlabeni.
Itekhnoloji yokwenziwa kweetoti ze-aluminium iye yaphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Kwiminyaka emininzi, iteknoloji yokuvelisa iitoti ze-aluminium iphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo. Ubunzima beetoti ze-aluminium buncitshiswe kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1960, ubunzima bewaka ngalinye leetoti ze-aluminium (kubandakanywa netoti kunye nesivalo) bafikelela kwiikhilogram ezingama-55 (malunga neekhilogram ezingama-25), kwaye phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1970 yawela kwi-44.8 pounds (25 kg). Iikhilograms), yathotywa yaya kutsho kwiiponti ezingama-33 (iikhilogram ezili-15) ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1990, yaye ngoku iye yancitshiswa yaya kutsho ngaphantsi kweeponti ezingama-30, nto leyo ephantse ibe sisiqingatha saloo minyaka ingama-40 eyadlulayo. Kwiminyaka eyi-20 ukusuka kwi-1975 ukuya kwi-1995, inani leetoti ze-aluminium (i-12 ounces umthamo) ezenziwe nge-1 pounds ye-aluminium landa ngama-35%. Ukongeza, ngokweenkcukacha-manani zenkampani yaseMelika i-ALCOA, izinto ze-aluminiyam ezifunekayo kwiwaka ngalinye leetoti ze-aluminiyam zancitshiswa ukusuka kwi-25.8 yeeponti ngo-1988 ukuya kwi-22.5 yeeponti ngo-1998 kwaye emva koko zancitshiswa ukuya kwi-22.3 pounds ngo-2000. Iikhenki ze-aluminium e-United States ziye zancipha kakhulu, ukusuka kwi-0.343 mm kwi-1984 ukuya kwi-0.285 mm kwi-1992 kunye ne-0.259 mm kwi-1998.
Inkqubela ekhaphukhaphu kwi-aluminium can lids nayo iyabonakala. Ubukhulu be-aluminium can lids behla ukusuka kwi-039 mm ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1960 ukuya kwi-0.36 mm ngo-1970, ukusuka kwi-0.28 mm ukuya kwi-0.30 mm ngo-1980, kunye ne-0.24 mm phakathi kwe-1980. Ubukhulu besiciko setoti nabo buncitshisiwe. Ubunzima beziciko zeetoti buqhubekile nokuncipha. Ngowe-1974, ubunzima beetoti eziliwaka ze-aluminium zazingama-pounds angama-13, ngo-1980 zancitshiswa zaba ngamakhilogremu angama-12, ngo-1984 zancitshiswa zaba ngamakhilogremu angama-11, ngo-1986 zancitshiswa zaba ngamakhilogremu angama-10, kwaye ngo-1990 kunye ne-1992 yancitshiswa yaya kwi-9 pounds. I-8 pounds, iyancipha ukuya kwi-6.6 pounds ngo-2002. Isantya sokwenza i-can-making siphuculwe kakhulu, ukusuka kwi-650-1000cpm (kuphela ngomzuzu) kwi-1970 ukuya kwi-1000-1750cpm kwi-1980 kunye nangaphezulu kwe-2000cpm ngoku.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-28-2021